What is oral cancer?
Oral cancer is when we start to see a change in the cells that become malignant within the mouth. The most common areas where we see this are the roof of your mouth and your tongue. It can also occur on your cheeks or on your gingiva, also known as your gums.
What causes oral cancer?
You can have some genetic predisposition. Smoking is one of the leading causes. Heavy alcohol usage, and a combination of alcohol and smoking, are also significant factors.
What are the early signs of cancer that patients should look out for?
If you have any type of lesion within your mouth, whether it be on your tongue or cheek, that does not go away after 10 days, it definitely needs to be evaluated and potentially biopsied to verify that it is not cancer. Especially if you have a sore throat that has not resolved or been diagnosed as an infection by your physician, it needs further investigation.
What are the most common symptoms for oral cancer?
Sometimes it's nothing. Sometimes it's feeling soreness in a particular spot or having a sore throat that doesn't go away.
Are there specific areas of the mouth where oral cancer is more likely to appear?
Oral cancer often appears on the tongue. It can also occur on your lips, cheeks, the back of your throat, and the palate.
What is the connection between HPV and oral cancer?
In the past, smoking and alcohol usage were the primary causes, but we've seen that HPV, the virus, can cause cellular changes, leading to cancer. It's the same HPV that causes cervical cancer, and we're starting to see it cause oral and throat cancers today, especially in men. I recommend teenagers get their HPV vaccinations to help prevent not only cervical cancer but also oral cancer later in their lives.
How is oral cancer diagnosed during a dental visit?
Typically, if you're coming in for your cleaning appointment, your dentist will conduct a head and neck exam. During that exam, we feel along your neck for your lymph nodes. We also examine your mouth, checking the roof of your mouth and your tongue. I will pull your tongue out, move it side to side, which might seem silly, but that's where I'm looking for any changes in the tissues to ensure there are no suspicious lesions. If we find a suspicious lesion, we might ask you to return in a couple of weeks to see if it has resolved on its own. If it hasn't or if the lesion looks highly suspicious from the start, we will recommend a biopsy and send it to a pathologist for a full diagnosis by examining the cells under a microscope.
What are the current treatment options for oral cancer?
Initially, it's typically surgery to remove the area with mutated cells. Other times, radiation treatments and sometimes chemotherapy are employed. There's a large toolbox of knowledge and procedures available to ensure minimal treatment while securing your life and protecting your future.
You’re never alone in caring for your dental health. At Smiles of West Point, our team is here to support and meet you where you are in your dental journey. Call (804) 494-4382 or email [email protected] to connect with us today.